Impact of climate change on climatic zoning of common bean in the South of Brazil

Resumen

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop of high economic and social importance in Brazil. The objective of this study is to determine the impacts of climate change on climatic zoning, i.e., to define aptitude classes for cultivation and the periods recommended for the sowing times of the common bean in rainfed conditions for the period 2071 to 2100 in the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, in the south of Brazil. Three climate scenarios were used to evaluate the potential impact of climate change on climatic zoning of the common bean crop: current (baseline - 1961-1990) and predicted future climatic conditions (2071-2100) (A2 and B2). The climatic zoning for the three scenarios (current, A2 and B2) were elaborated with the following aptitude classes: suitable and unsuitable for crop cultivation. Suitable for cultivation of common bean crop was considered when at least one 10 day period was indicated for sowing time. In the south of Brazil there is a spatial and temporal change of area suitable for cultivation and recommended sowing time by climatic zoning for the common bean crop in the future scenarios, both optimistic (B2) and pessimistic (A2).