Production, decomposition and nutrient cycling in residues of sunnhemp and pearl millet in monocropped and intercropped systems

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the biomass production and the rates of decomposition and macronutrient and silicon release on crop residues of sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), in monocropped and intercropped systems. A randomized complete block design was used, with four replicates in a factorial arrangement consisting of three cover crops – pearl millet, sunnhemp, and these species intercropped – and six sampling times – 0, 18, 32, 46, 74, and 91 days after management (DAM). Pearl millet produces a greater amount of dry matter and accumulates more N, P, K, Mg, S, C, and Si, whereas sunnhemp accumulates more Ca. Pearl millet phytomass has the highest rates of decomposition and nutrient release. These rates are higher between 0 and 18 DAM. Over the time, the C/N, C/P and C/S ratios increase, and the C/Si ratio, as well as the decomposition rate, decreases. Potassium is the most rapidly released nutrient, and silicon has the lowest release rate.