Behaviour and tochnological evaluation of triticale cultivars in the north region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

Results of three experiments with the objective to study the performance of triticale cultivars in relation to three wheat cultivars were carried out at Guaíra, SP, Brazil, where sprinkler irrigation was used. Grain yield, disease resistance, aluminum tolerance and flour quality of the studied genotypes were evaluated. The triticale cultivars PFT 7682, TOC 8012, TCEP 8010, TOC 8011, ITOC 811, TOC 815, ITOC 814 and TCEP 8034 were the most productive but they did not differ statistically from the wheat cultivar IAC-13, considered as control. in general the triticale cultivars in relation to wheat cultivars showed better resistance to leaf and stem rust. Triticale cultivars presented susceptibility to Helminthosporium sp. TCEP 8029 and TCEP 7926 exhibited higher tolerance to aluminum toxicity in nutrient solutions in relation to other triticale and wheat cultivars. Triticale cultivars presented smaller hectolitric weight in comparison with wheat cultivars. The weight of 1000 kemels showed to be a good parameter to evaluate the grain yield of the triticale cultivars. The flour percentage of the triticale cultivars PFT 7882, PFT 7893, PFT 765, TOC 8011 and TCEP 8010 were very similar in relation to the wheat IAC-13. The bread quality was not affected in tests using mixture of 20% of triticale flour plus 80% of wheat flour. The triticale cultivar ITOC 815 was considered the best as far as bread quality showing the maximum viscosity of the paste: 600 amilograph unities.