Pollination requirements of seeded and seedless mini watermelon varieties cultivated under protected environment

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the floral biology and pollination requirements of seeded and seedless mini watermelon varieties, and to determine the best varieties to cultivate under protected environment. Three seedless (HA‑5106, HA‑5158, and HA‑5161) and two seeded (Minipol and Polimore) genotypes were tested. Flowers were monitored from the pre‑anthesis stage to senescence, and fruit quality was also evaluated. The evaluated treatments were hand‑geitonogamous pollination (MG), cross‑pollination with pollen from the Polimore variety (MCP), cross‑pollination with pollen from the Minipol variety (MCM), and restricted pollination. All varieties had monoecious plants with diclinous flowers, and the stigmas remained receptive throughout anthesis. Fruit set rates of 84.62% (MG), 61.54% (MCP), 48% (MCM), and 0% (restricted) were obtained for seeded varieties, but of 0% (MG), 76.36% (MCP), 82.69% (MCM), and 0% (restricted) for seedless varieties. Fruits did not differ in quality among treatments within each genotype. Therefore, all the studied varieties require a pollination agent and diploid pollen for fruit set to occur, regardless of the donor variety; and Minipol or Polimore with HA‑5106 or HA‑5158 are the varieties recommended for cultivation in protected environment.