Genetic variability of tambaqui (Teleostei: Characidae) from different regions of Brazil

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of four broodstocks of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) from different regions of Brazil using RAPD markers. Ten primers were used to analyze 116 individuals, collected from fish cultures of three municipalities in Brazil: Urupá, RO; Teixeirópolis, RO; Neópolis, SE; and Sorriso, MT. Differences in the frequencies of 67 fragments were found, with a unique fragment in Sorriso and two in Neópolis. High values of polymorphism (72.92 to 83.33%), Nei's genetic diversity (from 0.27 to 0.30) and Shannon index (from 0.39 to 0.45) were observed. Analysis of molecular variance showed that most of the variation is within each broodstock and not among them. The identity and genetic distance among the groups ranged from 0.93 to 0.98 and from 0.02 to 0.07, respectively, with less distance between clusters Urupá x Sorriso and Teixerópolis x Neópolis. Genetic differentiation ranged from low to moderate (F_st= 0.03 to 0.15) and the number of migrants per generation was high (Nm = 5.96 to 24.3) among the groups. Stocks have high variability and low genetic differentiation and distance among them.