Lethal and sublethal toxicity of neem on green peach aphid and on its predator Eriopis connexa

Abstract

The aim of this work was to assess, in laboratory, the effects of neem seed extract on chilli pepper pest, the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and on its predator Eriopis connexa (Germar). Chilli pepper leaves were treated with an aqueous solution of neem seed extract (1% of azadiractin) at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0%, using acephate (0.75 g L^-1) and water. Aphid females were transferred to treated leaves and after six days the aphid population was checked. Fourth-instar larvae of E. connexa were placed on pepper seedlings infested with aphids and sprayed with an aqueous solution of neem at 0.25 and 0.5%, using acephate (0.75 g L^-1) and water. After 48 hours, larvae were transferred to plastic tubes and fed aphids. Larval mortality, pupal viability and adult emergence were evaluated. Aphid population was significantly lower on leaves treated with neem and acephate than on water treated plants. Mortality of E. connexa larvae was higher on plants treated with acephate than on neem treated plants. However, only 9.1 and 10% of larvae on plants treated with neem at 0.25 and 0.5%, respectively, reached the pupal phase and there was no adult emergence. In spite of the potential of neem to reduce M. persicae population, the product shows deleterious effects on E. connexa