Emissions of agricultural engine using different diesel types and biodiesel concentrations in the fuel mixture

Abstract

The objective of this work was to quantify the effect of diesel type and of biodiesel concentrations in the fuel mixture on gas emissions from an agricultural engine subjected to different loads. Two diesel types were tested: S10, with low sulfur content; and S500, with high sulfur content; as well as their mixtures with 5, 10, 15, 20, 50, and 100% biodiesel. The engine, with four cylinders, turbocharged, and with 105‑hp maximum power, was subjected to eight operation modes, under different rotations and torques. The assay followed the methodology set out in standard NBR ISO 8174‑4:2012, and the emissions of O₂, CO₂, NO₂, NO, CO, and hydrocarbons (HC) were analyzed. Only the HC emissions were affected by the type of diesel used. The NO₂ and O₂ emissions increased with greater concentration of biodiesel in the mixture, whereas the CO₂, NO, CO, and HC emissions reduced. The load applied to the engine was directly related to the emissions, except for O₂. The S10 fuel, with 20% biodiesel, reduces emissions, when compared to the commercial diesel (S500), without losing engine performance.