Productivity and physicochemical composition of berries of grapevine cultivars grafted onto different rootstocks

Abstract

This work aimed at evaluating the influence of nine rootstocks on the productivity and chemical composition of table and processing grapes from 2006 to 2008 in Caldas, MG. The cultivars Niagara Rosada and Folha de Figo were grafted onto 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 766', '420 A', '1103 Paulsen', 'Traviú', '196-17', 'Gravesac' and 'RR 101-14' and submitted to a randomized block design with ten treatments (nine rootstocks and ungrafted plant) with four replicates. Both cultivars had higher yields when grafted onto 'IAC 572', however with impairment to berry quality, showed by lower soluble solids/acidity ratio, anthocyanins and phenolic compounds and higher total acidity. The effect of rootstock on potassium uptake was more pronounced in 'Niagara Rosada' than in 'Folha de Figo', whereby 'IAC 766' and 'Traviú' were responsible for the highest potassium uptake. Vines grafted onto '196-17' showed lower potassium levels on berries. 'Niagara Rosada' yielded 9 kg per plant and showed high soluble solids/acidity ratio when grafted onto 'RR 101-14', '420 A' and 'Gravesac'. 'Gravesac', however, provided the higher anthocyanin content. 'Folha de Figo' grafted onto '196-17' showed high soluble solids, anthocyanins and skin phenolic compounds contents and low acidity and seeds phenolic compounds, with a yield of 5 kg per plant, behaving statistically similarly to the most productive rootstocks.